There are most four important types of features of Pranayama which give us the techniques of breath regulation.
- Slowing of Breath: In Pranayama control of breath is a very important concept. In the olden Puranas it was said that yogic breathing is the technique which brings to control all that is connected with the Prana. Breathing inward is known as ‘ Puraka’, breathing outward is called as ‘ REchaka’. Retaining or holding the breath in the lungs is ‘Kumbaka’. When one who holds his breath beyond one’s capacity, rechaka becomes fast and uncontrolled. Here the important point is that, one has to slow down the rate of the body. This can be done by holding kumbaka. The breathing rate of the body. This can be done by holding kumbaka. The reduction in metabolic rate will serve as a measure of rest. Thus slowing down the breath gives deep rest to the body and mind.
- Consciousness of Breathing: This important concept provides to know the awareness of breathing. From the studies of Hatha yoga we came to know that holding of breath i.e. Kumbaka will help to build the awareness. In vasista Pranayama, holding of breath for certain duration is not mandatory. Alternatively the breath has to be slowed down continuously both during inhalation and exhalation, keeping in mind about e\relazation. Here in Vasista Pranayama holding the breath with certain amount of effort is not the requirement. But slowing down the breath in the continuous process of without any effort is safe.
- Balancing the Breath: The breathing process will be done through the two nostrils. Three has been a debate whether the breathing through both the nostrils is same or not. From the yogic studies we came to know that inhaling from the right nostril produces heat in the body whereas inhaling from the left nostril produces cold. Whatever may be the consequences, the nadishudhi in Pranayama deals with the cleaning of two nadis that is ida and Pingala in order to bring balance of breath.
- Breath Mediation: Earlier we came to know the art of holding of the breath, creation of breath awareness and balancing the breath. We know that breath. We know that breathing is for our existence. Systematic breathing controls entire function of the human body. From meditation one can attempt to control his mind. When or disturbed then our breathing will be fast and unequal. The purpose of Pranayama is to control and regulate the breathing to attain the mind control. Controlling the mind on the contrary controls breathing system.
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